Friday, 8 September 2017

Tips And Tricks

What’s the point of having a keyless entry system on your car if you have to be standing right by your car to use the remote? Luckily, there’s a simple way to extend your remote’s range.
If you hold your remote to your chin and open your mouth as you use it, the fluids in your head will act as an antenna and amplify the signal. Don’t worry yourself with the science, just appreciate the fact that your head is a freakin’ antenna! You’re practically a Transformer .
CAR DOOR BUMPER
Cars are expensive, especially when it comes to repairs. So, to save your hard-earned cash for more important things, why not reduce the likelihood of car damage?
Cut a pool noodle in half, and stick it to the wall of your garage; that way, if you are a bit overzealous when opening the door once you’ve parked, you will prevent it from looking like it’s been chewed by Jaws from James Bond.
IN-CAR HOSTESS TROLLEY
This hack is for pizza-loving dads who can afford luxury extras in their car . If, like me, you live out in the sticks, takeout delivery isn’t an option. How are you going to transport your pizza/burger/curry without it getting cold by the time you get home?
Here’s how. Turn on the passenger-side seat warmer during the drive up to the takeout place (move all passengers to the backseat, obviously), and place your food on the seat for the drive home. When you finally get home, your delicious meal will be piping hot. Let’s just hope they haven’t forgotten the extra jalapeƱos!
CAR CRASH SAFETY SPLASH
OK, so this scenario is a touch unlikely, but it’s better to be safe than sorry! A madman is driving straight at you with the intention of mowing you down. What do you do?
To avoid going under the car , where you will sustain life-threatening injuries, jump up before the car hits you. You will hopefully roll over the top of the car and your injuries will be less severe. If you’re a little more athletic, you could try jumping over the car . I’ve seen it done but, admittedly, it was in a kung fu movie.
HEADLIGHT BRIGHTENER
Fogged-up headlights on a car you’re trying to sell are a nightmare—they look bad and show the car’s age. (With my beat-up piece of crap, this is the least of my worries, but I like to make improvements where I can.)
To have those headlights looking like new, grab yourself some toothpaste. Yes, that’s right, toothpaste. Scrub the headlights with a small amount, rinse, and watch them sparkle. Just make sure you don’t use your kid’s toothbrush.
CAR FENG SHUI
This hack is so simple, you’ll wonder why you never thought of it before. During the winter months, when snow and ice are a problem, park your car at night so that it faces east. As the sun rises in the morning, the car will receive a burst of healing energy and . . . well, no, not really. It will help to defrost your windshield though, and save you having to mess around for hours in subzero temperatures with a scraper .
GAS CAP PREDICTOR
So you’ve picked up your brand-new car/jeep/truck, and you’re determined to take it for a spin before you head home. You’re high on new-car smell, and suddenly you’ve killed a whole afternoon—and now you need to fill up the tank. But in all the excitement, you forgot to check which side the gas cap is on.
Don’t sweat it. Look at the fuel icon on the car’s dashboard. If there’s an arrow pointing to the left or right, this indicates where the fuel cap is. Sadly, older cars don’t use this secret code, so if you’re driving a car with no arrowhead on the gas pump graphic, you’ll have to resort to an age-old method—get out of the car and take a look
It’s easy to get overexcited in the world of cycling accessories. There’s a product for just about everything, and you’d better believe they’re expensive. But you don’t have to fall for it—especially when it comes to bike storage. This hack is simple, presuming you have enough space to store your bike vertically and adjacent to the wall rather than flat against it.
A certain Swedish houseware store is known for selling cheap brackets that make a remarkably good holder for your bike. The brackets in question are supposed to steady a track rail, but if you turn them the other way up you get a simple pair of handlebar hooks. As long as you place them correctly, you’ve got yourself a budget bike rack.
DE-STINK YOUR WATER BOTTLE
Even if you buy the special kind of water bottle that has no synthetics whatever added, eventually it’s going to get funky—and we’re not talking James Brown here. Even if you put nothing in it but water , bacteria can still multiply, especially round the mouthpiece. Here’s how to de-stink your water bottle without resorting to nasty chemicals:
Add 2–3 teaspoons of baking soda to your bottle, and fill it with warm water . Leave it to soak for a few hours, then wash and rinse thoroughly. Perform the sniff test. If there’s a still a funk, try using denture tablets instead (downside: they’re less natural, and it’s hard not to think about their intended use).
DIY SNOW TIRES
This one is for you hardcore, all-weather , I-don’t-care-if-it-looks-like-a-winter-wonderland-outthere cyclists. Aside from seeking advice from a local mental health professional in order to regain your sense of reason, here’s how you can tackle the snow more effectively on your bike.
If you simply have to ride in the snow, make sure you have some zip ties ready. Fasten ties one by one at intervals around your wheel, so they wrap around your tire and rim, with the fastener part tire-side out. Trim off the excess on each tie, and you have yourself a set of makeshift snow tires, which will work in a similar way to chains on your car tires.
SUGAR HAND-DEGREASER
Working on your bike (or your car , for that matter) can be dirty—even if you use those weird airport security cavity inspection gloves. If you can afford fancy degreaser hand soap, all power to you—but if that’s a luxury you can’t afford, then here’s how to clean up the Life Hacks way.
Take a teaspoon of granulated sugar in your hand and add a splash of water . Scrub your hands with the sweet paste and wash your hands as normal, with a little dish soap for extra cleaning power . And there you have it—hands you could eat your dinner off of. Well, maybe not.
We’ve already covered how best to peel a banana (see p.)—and just when you thought things couldn’t get any cooler . . . .
That weirdly shaped yellow fruit actually has the power to convey secret messages. So, presuming your kid doesn’t hate bananas, here’s a hack to brighten her day. Grab a toothpick or something sharp, and scratch a message onto the skin of the banana. It won’t look like much at first, but give it an hour or two, and the peel will turn brown, revealing your message as if by magic! Perfect for kids’ lunch boxes. (Also good for pranking coworkers.)
MESS-FREE PAINTING
This next hack is great for when you want to do some painting with your kid but can’t face cleaning up afterward. Let’s face it: kids + paint = domestic Armageddon.
Squirt some paint into a sealable bag (the large kind you use for freezing food), and tape the bag to a window, making sure it’s well-sealed. Your child can then create a masterpiece with his hands, and you can put your feet up and admire his handiwork. This hack is fun, educational, creative, and mess-free! What’s not to love?
BEDTIME BUMPER
This hack will prevent many a bump in the night for anxious parents whose kids seem to involuntarily fall out of bed, having been transferred from their sturdy, four-sided cot.
Get hold of a pool noodle and place it under a fitted sheet on the side of the mattress open to the room, creating a soft barrier . The noodle will prevent your beloved child from rolling over and out of the bed in the middle of the night, saving injury and adding bonus hours of sleep to your already-starved routine.
BUG-PROOF DRINK COVER
Nobody likes bugs in their beverage, and kids are no exception. Luckily, there’s a simple solution.
During a birthday party or picnic, you can protect your child’s juice from thirsty bugs by cutting a small X into the center of a cupcake case and poking a straw through. Voila! A bug-proof drink cover! Your kids will get a super-cute drink, and you can relax, safe in the knowledge that the bees and bugs will realize they’re not invited to the festivities and will buzz off elsewhere.
INSTANT TABLE HAMMOCK
The next time you want your little one to take a nap, but he or she isn’t playing along, try this clever hack.
Tie a large bedsheet around the top of a table to create a fun mini-hammock she’ll be itching to climb into. Just a few health and safety notes: Test your construction for safety, and don’t tie the hammock too high off the ground. A bedsheet can hold only so much weight, so this is best for small kids only. (And do not, I repeat, DO NOT climb in there yourself!)
ICE CUBE TRAY SNACK CADDY
Do your kids look at a lovingly prepared plate of fruit and vegetables as if you’ve just placed a pile of hairy cat poop in front of them? If so, this hack could be the answer to your prayers.
Try placing a variety of different bite-sized morsels in an ice cube tray and make choosing which piece to eat a game. This magically makes healthy snacks more appealing, and it’s perfect for the persnickety child who likes to keep his snacks separate.
THE FRISBEE THROW
We’ve all seen college kids parading about on the beach or at the park with a Frisbee, looking cool. But they can never throw the Frisbee quite right, can they? Here’s your chance to beat them at their own game and be a role model for your kid at the same time.
Get your perfectly untoned backside up off the sand, and intercept that Frisbee. Or you could simply ask to join in—that would work too. To throw a Frisbee correctly, remember to use the same action you would when you whip a towel (Come on, we’ve all done it!). The Frisbee will now fly as straight as an arrow. Congratulations, you are now part of their elite club.
DIY STAIRWAY SLIDE
A houseful of bored kids cooped up at home is every dad’s worst nightmare. This hack will keep them entertained for hours and turn you into the coolest parent alive.
Remember that cardboard box your rowing machine came in (yes, the one that’s gathering dust in the spare bedroom)? You can use it to build an awesome stair slide. Here’s how: Flatten the box and tape the cardboard to the stair wall using masking tape. Pile pillows and blankets at the bottom to make a soft landing pad, then let the superhappy fun sliding times begin! Just remember to give the kids a turn.
It’s amazing how much better an apple tastes to a kid when it’s sliced! Here’s how to utilize this fact to ensure that your kids eat their five a day.
Slice an apple into segments and secure the slices together with a rubber band. This will stop the slices from turning brown. (No one likes brown apples.) Toss this into your kids’ lunchbox or take it with you when you’re out and about. Whip off the rubber band and you’ll have fresh apple slices at hand. Works well for big kids too.
GLOW-IN-THE-DARK BOWLING
It might be inconceivable to some, but the game of ten-pin bowling can be made better (in fact, this pretty much goes for anything): make it GLOW IN THE DARK!
Here’s what you’ll need: six glow sticks, six plastic water bottles (labels removed), a ball heavy enough to knock down your bottles (a basketball or soccer ball usually does the trick), and a pen and paper to keep score. Pour a little water out of each bottle, and pop a glow stick inside each one. Set up your “bowling pins” in a triangle formation, and take turns trying to knock them down with your ball. Unlike going to a commercial bowling alley, this activity won’t require you to take out a second mortgage on your house, and you get to wear your own shoes!
GARDEN AND OUTDOOR HACKS
If you’re lucky enough to have a backyard with grass and trees for your kids to enjoy, you’re going to have to put some effort into keeping it clean and tidy—no matter how many burners your BBQ has, if your garden is full of weeds, your friends will notice. And if you want your kid to be the next Bear Grylls, you need to brave the wild outdoors (drinking your own pee is optional).
SAND STORAGE FOR TOOLS
There are three good reasons to keep a bucket of sand in your garden: 1) you can sit in your deck chair sipping a Margarita, pretending you’re on vacation in the Bahamas, 2) your kid can use it to play in, and 3) you can store your garden tools in the sand to stop them from rusting.
Simply fill a container with builder’s sand (note: avoid a trip to the beach, as salt and metal don’t mix), and “plant” your garden tools in the sand, with the handles sticking up. The sand will protect against rust and corrosion, and, as sand is abrasive, it will help keep your tools clean and sharp—you dig?
BAKING SODA WEED KILLER
For those of us who covet a pristine patio or driveway, weeds are the stuff of nightmares. And if you have them bad, you’ll stop at nothing short of detonating a nuclear warhead to make sure they don’t come back.
But there is a less apocalyptic way to free your driveway: pour a thick layer of baking soda into the cracks where the weeds rear their ugly heads. Sodium has the effect of drying out plant foliage, which means those dastardly dandelions will be a thing of the past.
GARDEN HOSE REPAIR
Rubber hose has got to be up at the top of the list of least exciting things to spend your hard-earned cash on. What makes matters worse is that stuff costs the earth! So when your hose springs a leak—because the dog mistook it for its tail or your kid decided to use it as a swing—don’t panic.
Simply locate those toothpicks you bought a few years ago (they’re usually at the back of the kitchen cupboard, along with the cocktail recipe book from 1985). Then find the hole, jam a toothpick into it, and snap it off. This will plug the leak, at least long enough for you to get used to the idea that you need to buy a new one.
Supermarket herbs are not designed to last—that’s why they keel over the second you walk through your front door . Instead of giving the supermarkets more of your hard-earned money, try this: split your potted herb into two, and plant in good potting compost in individual containers. Most herbs die early because there are too many plants crammed into one pot. Give them space to breathe, and you should prolong their life span and get double the herbs for your money. Even better , grow your own herbs from seed (I’ll have to stick to supermarket herbs; our family’s “green thumb” skipped a generation with me).
POTATO RUST-REMOVER
If you’ve noticed that your tools or your garden furniture has started to rust, ignoring it won’t make it go away (trust me, I’ve tried). In fact, the longer you leave it, the worse it will get.
So it’s time to man up with potato power! Yeah, that’s right. Potatoes contain oxalic acid, which dissolves rust, so cut a raw potato in half and use it to scrub the offending area clean. For extra oomph, dip the surface of the potato in baking soda or salt. This will make your veggie rustremover more abrasive. Just don’t expect to make French fries with the leftovers.
COFFEE CRITTER REPELLENT
Slugs and snails are all well and good when your kids are putting them in their mouths, but they don’t play well with plants. If you’re trying to win the prize for most irregularly shaped turnip at this year’s county fair , you might want to give this a try.
Take the leftover grounds from your morning cup of joe and sprinkle them around your plants. Not only will this enrich your soil with nitrogen, it will repel unwanted guests such as slugs, snails, and ants (apparently, they hate the smell and texture of coffee grounds). You hate coffee too? No problem. Stop by your local coffee shop and ask for some spent coffee grounds—they have mountains of the stuff to get rid of, and should be more than happy to unload some of their garbage.
DAYLIGHT MEASURE
Here’s a hack for when you’re having fun in the great outdoors. Imagine you and your family are out walking—it’s getting late and you’re worried you might not make it back to camp before dark. Put your mind at ease (or not) by estimating the amount of daylight left, using nothing other than your bare hand.
Hold your arm parallel to the horizon, with your fingers straight and your thumb tucked in. Line up your index finger with the bottom of the sun, and count how many finger-widths there are between the sun and the horizon. Each finger equals roughly fifteen minutes of daylight. If there are five minutes of daylight left, pick up the kids and your wife and start running!
BUG-BITE RELIEVER
Everybody loves the summer sun—fewer people enjoy bug bites, from the bugs that come with the warmer months. Yes, you can invest in a laser-guided, space-age fly swatter , but mosquitos and other all but invisible biters will get you in the end. Here’s what to do.
When a mosquito bites, it injects proteins under our skin to prevent our blood from clotting—our skin reacts to the proteins, and this is what causes the intense itching. But listen up: heat destroys these proteins. So one way to relieve the itchiness is to apply a heated spoon to the bite for a couple of minutes (warm the spoon under hot tap water for a minute—but be careful not to scald yourself). It’s either that, spend a fortune on something from the pharmacy, or cover yourself in plastic wrap.
SEEING IN THE DARK
Here’s a shot in the dark (get it?!). Seriously, this hack might not get used too often (there’s a thing called a flashlight, you know), but when you’re caught short, it could be very handy.
The next time you go camping (or you’re staying at a friend’s house and can’t find the light switch), try using this trick to improve your night vision. Focus your gaze just off-center of the direction you are moving in. By using your peripheral vision you’ll engage more photo receptors (or “rods”) at the back wall of the eye, which help you identify shapes and movement in low light. Forget the lies about eating carrots, and try this on for size.

Thursday, 7 September 2017

Can You Really Make Yourself Invisible?

Even if you're not the most die-hard Harry Potter fan, chances are you're still wowed by his invisibility cloak, and hopeful that it might one day come to fruition. You're not alone in this fascination, as people have been interested in invisibility for hundreds, even thousands of years. In this episode of Part-Time Genius, "What's the Science of Invisibility?", hosts Will Pearson and Mangesh (Mango) Hattikudur explore the scientific principles of invisible light, the origins of the human obsession with invisibility and how far out so-called "invisibility cloaks" might be.

The hosts first call on the expertise of Bob Berman, author of "Zapped: From Infrared to X-rays, the Curious History of Invisible Light," because, as it turns out, light appears to have already mastered the invisibility trick. In fact, there's a huge part of the electromagnetic spectrum that's totally invisible to humans, such as ultraviolet rays, infrared light, radio waves and gamma waves.
Mango brings the prevalence of invisible light into perspective by quoting the author directly. "Burman writes, 'There's more light in the universe than anything else.' So, if you were to add up every individual light photon in the cosmos they would account for 99.9999 percent of everything there is and those forms of invisible light you listed off, that actually makes up the vast majority of the light."
Will adds, "Our eyes are designed to recognize only the sun's most abundant energy so we really can only see the colors the sun emits most strongly." Color and brightness of light doesn't exist outside the experience of the observer. We only see light as a certain color because of how it stimulates cones in our eyes and how the brain interprets those signals. Our observation makes the color visible.
People have always been wondered if there was a way to make themselves invisible. Mango quotes from a 15th century "invisibility cook book," that has some "helpful" hints: "If you wish to be invisible take a dead dog and bury it and plant a bean plant over it and place one in your mouth and without a doubt you'll be invisible." Or, if dead dogs aren't in plentiful supply (and we hope they aren't), a person allegedly could, "Grind up an owl's eye with a ball of beetle dung and some olive oil and rub it all over your body."
If that doesn't work, you can take heart that scientists are now working on a kind of "invisibility cloak" made with so-called "metamaterials," which, "are basically a kind of material that's engineered to have properties that don't occur in nature, like a light bending property," according to Mango. The idea is that the metamaterial forms a shield around the object. The light rays bend around the metamaterial and recombine on the other side. Kind of like a water flowing around a stream.
Until that cloak is on the market, a very basic sort of invisibility is available to all of us, although your total physical self remains in plain view.
One study found that children playing peekaboo conceded that their bodies were actually visible during the game, although they still considered themselves to be invisible. Why? "The implication was that the kids felt it was their true self that was being hidden from view," Will says. Mango adds that such a finding is pretty existential, but when you consider that the eyes are often seen as the window to the soul, "In some ways covering your eyes really is like withdrawing yourself from the world and making yourself invisible."
Most people surveyed choose either invisibility or the ability to fly as their most desired superpowers, note the hosts. However innocuous it seems, "There is some speculation about what the choice of flight and invisibility says about a person," Will explains, citing Florida International University researcher William Berry, who suggests that, "People who opt to go invisible are embracing their dark side." The theory lines up when you consider that invisibility would allow a person to indulge pretty base instincts, like spying on others or taking something they don't have the funds to pay for. By comparison, people who select the power of flight are more interested in infusing excitement or fulfillment — like saving someone from a burning building or zipping off to Italy for dinner — into their lives.

Tuesday, 5 September 2017

How to Built Successful Blog

Blogging as a Business

Approaching blogging as an entrepreneur looking to build a business, is very different from the view taken by a hobby blogger. From the very beginning, you will be planning and thinking about the blog as a product: what it will cost, what it might return, how it will grow, and where it’s heading. You might be alone, or you might have partners and investors. You might begin with a lot of capital, or you might bootstrap the operation with whatever resources you can find. Most importantly, as someone looking to build a business, you will always have your eye on the bigger picture, and that’s what this chapter is about.
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opportunities in Blogging Publishing is changing quickly as more and more readers migrate from paper-based products to electronic media, whether it’s a computer, a tablet, a mobile device, or an e-reader. Change of this sort always creates opportunities, and in the last few years it’s become clear that professional blogging is one of them. 
The last decade saw a generation of blogs grow from being side projects and hobbies, into sites with enormous readerships and real revenues. Very quickly blogging has become a legitimate publishing business, and today a survey of the top 100 blogs shows that with a few notable celebrity exceptions, almost all of them are backed by real publishing businesses.
While today the blogging industry has some very professional outfits operating, there is still lots and lots of room for the newcomer. To start with, there are very few household names in blogging. While most people might recognize and know names like Time, Wired, Vanity Fair, and Vogue, there are significantly less who know Gawker (http://gawker.com), TechCrunch (http://techcrunch.com), Huffington Post (http://huffingtonpost.com), and PopSugar (http://popsugar.com), which are just three of the more high profile sites. There are still many, many people who don’t read online but who will eventually. These folk mean that blogging is an industry with a  lot of growth ahead of it, and growth is good for business and good  for newcomers.
Opportunities in blogging also arise from the many niches and topics that are still wide open. If you walk into any bookstore and look through the myriad magazines that line the racks, you’ll find there are audiences interested in reading about everything from sewing to tattoos, boating to cooking, movies to shopping. Can you name the blog to read on tattoos? How about a great blog about boating? Think you can find one? 
Moreover, for every niche that is big enough to sustain a real paper publication, there are dozens more that are too small for print but big enough online. Where the distribution costs are small and even nil, 
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Blogging as a Business
distributed groups can be clumped together to form real audiences, and bloggers have access to audiences that have never really counted before: the so-called “long tail.”
As was often touted during the dotcom boom, the internet is a great equalizer. The difference between one domain name and another is just a few keystrokes. And while you shouldn’t read too much into this (after all, people have to know your domain name to type it in), it is worth remembering that a new voice in blogging can quickly catch on. 
Of course because blogging is so accessible, it’s a tempting first business to get into. There is a perception that it’s a zero-cost set-up, and in some ways that’s true. You can start a new blog with not much more than a domain name and a cheap-as-chips hosting account. This is certainly a claim that you could never make about, say, starting a magazine or newspaper, where the physical costs of making and distributing the product can be prohibitive. 
What isn’t so obvious, is that to build a blog that is self-sustaining and eventually profitable, does require cash, and it can be a significant amount at that. For as easy as it is to start a blog, it is still hard to produce consistent levels of content, to acquire traffic and readership, and to ultimately generate revenue. While thousands of blogs may open their proverbial doors every day, the funnel of survival can be harsh and many fall into disrepair very quickly. 
For hobby bloggers, the costs of operating a blog are hidden in the blogger’s own time. They do the posting, the marketing, and all the other chores of running a blog themselves, effectively eating the costs by doing it in their spare time. But make no mistake, those costs are there and if you want to approach blogging with a business mindset, you need to account for them all. 
On the flip side, by looking at blogging as a business, you also bring the longevity that blogging needs to succeed. While hobbyists and less organized competitors fall by the wayside, your operation will keep chipping away, building audiences, growing search traffic, creating a bigger and bigger content archive. In many ways, blogging is an endurance race, requiring a lot of momentum to build up to become a true success story.
distributed groups can be clumped together to form real audiences, and bloggers have access to audiences that have never really counted before: the so-called “long tail.”
As was often touted during the dotcom boom, the internet is a great equalizer. The difference between one domain name and another is just a few keystrokes. And while you shouldn’t read too much into this (after all, people have to know your domain name to type it in), it is worth remembering that a new voice in blogging can quickly catch on. 
Of course because blogging is so accessible, it’s a tempting first business to get into. There is a perception that it’s a zero-cost set-up, and in some ways that’s true. You can start a new blog with not much more than a domain name and a cheap-as-chips hosting account. This is certainly a claim that you could never make about, say, starting a magazine or newspaper, where the physical costs of making and distributing the product can be prohibitive. 
What isn’t so obvious, is that to build a blog that is self-sustaining and eventually profitable, does require cash, and it can be a significant amount at that. For as easy as it is to start a blog, it is still hard to produce consistent levels of content, to acquire traffic and readership, and to ultimately generate revenue. While thousands of blogs may open their proverbial doors every day, the funnel of survival can be harsh and many fall into disrepair very quickly. 
For hobby bloggers, the costs of operating a blog are hidden in the blogger’s own time. They do the posting, the marketing, and all the other chores of running a blog themselves, effectively eating the costs by doing it in their spare time. But make no mistake, those costs are there and if you want to approach blogging with a business mindset, you need to account for them all. 
On the flip side, by looking at blogging as a business, you also bring the longevity that blogging needs to succeed. While hobbyists and less organized competitors fall by the wayside, your operation will keep chipping away, building audiences, growing search traffic, creating a bigger and bigger content archive. In many ways, blogging is an endurance race, requiring a lot of momentum to build up to become a true success story.
Download from Wow! eBook <www.wowebook.com>
10
So building a business out of blogging, like any business, involves investment both in time and money. The questions you want to ask are: What costs need to be accounted for? Where will the revenue come from? How long will it take? Along with these high-level business questions, you’ll also be wondering about the practicalities of running a blog as a business, planning direction, finding and hiring staff, creating content, and marketing. 
In this book I aim to answer all these questions as well as to give you a practical, hands-on guide to building a business out of blogging. Like any business, it will take hard work, dedication, savvy, and a bit of luck. As someone who has built a number of blogs, I hope reading through my experience and methods will help you find your path to success. 
risk and reward Every business investment comes with risk and certainly blogging is no sure thing. The risks in creating a business out of blogging include:
1. Choosing a Low Potential Niche Perhaps the biggest risk you run is creating the wrong blog. If you start a blog in a niche that has limited potential either because of the audience, the competition, or the revenue potential, then you create a significant impediment to success. You can shift the blog, reinvent it, invent a new way of finding revenue, trounce the competition somehow, or grow the topic’s audience ... or you can choose a niche with strong potential to begin with! We’ll deal with selecting a niche in the next chapter. 
2. Not Producing a Popular Product Assuming you’ve picked a good niche to blog in, you still run the risk of producing a bad product. Maybe you hire the wrong staff, maybe you don’t figure out what sort of content people want, or maybe you get the frequency of publishing wrong. There are plenty of factors that go into a good blog. The best way to learn about them on an instinctive level, is to read and think about other blogs in your spare hours over a reasonably long period of time. You’ll also get to read about what goes into hiring and content in later chapters of this book.
So building a business out of blogging, like any business, involves investment both in time and money. The questions you want to ask are: What costs need to be accounted for? Where will the revenue come from? How long will it take? Along with these high-level business questions, you’ll also be wondering about the practicalities of running a blog as a business, planning direction, finding and hiring staff, creating content, and marketing. 
In this book I aim to answer all these questions as well as to give you a practical, hands-on guide to building a business out of blogging. Like any business, it will take hard work, dedication, savvy, and a bit of luck. As someone who has built a number of blogs, I hope reading through my experience and methods will help you find your path to success. 
risk and reward Every business investment comes with risk and certainly blogging is no sure thing. The risks in creating a business out of blogging include:
1. Choosing a Low Potential Niche Perhaps the biggest risk you run is creating the wrong blog. If you start a blog in a niche that has limited potential either because of the audience, the competition, or the revenue potential, then you create a significant impediment to success. You can shift the blog, reinvent it, invent a new way of finding revenue, trounce the competition somehow, or grow the topic’s audience ... or you can choose a niche with strong potential to begin with! We’ll deal with selecting a niche in the next chapter. 
2. Not Producing a Popular Product Assuming you’ve picked a good niche to blog in, you still run the risk of producing a bad product. Maybe you hire the wrong staff, maybe you don’t figure out what sort of content people want, or maybe you get the frequency of publishing wrong. There are plenty of factors that go into a good blog. The best way to learn about them on an instinctive level, is to read and think about other blogs in your spare hours over a reasonably long period of time. You’ll also get to read about what goes into hiring and content in later chapters of this book.
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Blogging as a Business
3. Competition Every business has competition of one sort or another. It might be other blogs or it might be traditional media. If your business grows beyond blogging, then it might simply be other service providers. Competition vies for audience, for revenue, and ultimately for dominance. Even if you scope out a niche very thoroughly and deduce that there is little competition, you can never account for the competition that is sitting in a garage somewhere plotting and planning their strategy for domination. Aside from thorough research, the best defense is to be on guard all the time, to always be looking for ways to be the best, and to think about ways to differentiate your product from your competitors.
4. Running Out of Capital The simple reality of business is that in the beginning you will burn through your cash with little or no return. Later in this book, you can read about three case studies from my own experience where you will see that each blog took many months of losses before hitting break even, and that one set is in fact still burning through cash!
To combat this you’ll need to make sure you have a reasonable amount of capital to begin with. You’ll also need to look for ways to get some revenue as fast as possible to help slow the losses. You’ll need to constantly evaluate whether you are on the right track, whether you can save money somehow, and how much longer you can last.
5. Market Conditions No one can control the broader market conditions. At this point in time, blogging looks to be a good bet with lots of growth potential and more and more advertising moving online. Whether this is true, whether it lasts, who knows? The most important thing is to keep your finger on the pulse. Stay up to date with tech blogs, advertising blogs, blogs for bloggers and publishers, and stay informed. If you feel a change in market conditions coming, adjust your business plan to compensate. If you think there are lean times ahead and you are low on capital, pull back on your plans. Conversely, if you think there’s a boom coming in a particular niche, then you might ramp up to take advantage of it.
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While blogging is not without its fair share of risks, there are also  plenty of rewards. First and foremost is the satisfaction of running a successful publication. Watching your readership grow, seeing comments and discussion happening on your site, hearing from readers who enjoy the site, and seeing link-backs from sites you respect are all incredibly rewarding.
On a monetary level, a blog business can grow very large. One of the earliest blogging companies, Weblogs Inc, which included powerhouse blogs like Engadget (http://engadget.com) and TUAW (http://tuaw.com), sold for a reported $25m to AOL in 2005. Another high-profile sale occurred in 2007 when environmental blog Treehugger (http://treehugger.com) sold for $10m to the Discovery Network. 
While a big sale to a listed company isn’t on the books for every blog, it’s certainly possible to do well purely on operating profits and revenue. In the case studies in this book, you’ll read about two blogs that I’ve worked on which have been fortunate enough to hit profitability and turn over enough cash to grow other businesses and to expand themselves to bigger revenues and larger audiences.
In fact, later in this book we’ll look at how a blog can not only become very successful in its own right, but can also become the engine that drives new businesses such as blog networks, apps, services, or products like books and job boards.

a sketch of a Blog Business

What does a blog business look like? Who works there? How does it operate? While every business is unique in its operation, it’s possible to sketch out a broad set of roles to get a picture of what a blog business might look like, what staff will be needed, how workflow might be organized, and how a blog business might actually function on a day-to-day level. We’ll expand on this sketch in later chapters to flesh out a fully function model of blog business.

Roles
There are some roles that must be filled in any functioning blog. They are:
1. Writing The most basic function of a blog is to generate content, so someone is going to have to write that content day in and day out. We’ll discuss writing content in detail in Chapter 5.
2. Editing For a professional blog, some sort of editing will be essential to create a consistent standard of quality. We’ll cover editing in detail in Chapter 5.
3. Managing Writers and Contributors Writers and contributors will need management to ensure their work is in on time, their questions are answered, and they get paid. We’ll cover site management in more detail in Chapter 4.
4. Marketing Until a site is a well-known destination, there is always work to bring readers, to generate buzz, and to build the blog’s brand. We’ll discuss generating traffic in Chapter 6.
5. Monetization Generating revenue requires planning and work, whether it’s chasing up ad payments, comparing affiliate programs, developing products, or implementing some other monetization plan. We’ll discuss building revenue in detail in Chapter 7.
6. Accounts Like any business, your blog will need good accounting and tax records. The bigger the business gets, the more important these will become.
7. Web Development and Server Admin Thanks to blogging packages like WordPress, you can often get by with very little web development. Nonetheless, even the most basic blog requires someone to set up the server, configure the software, and make 
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sure the site doesn’t fall over if your traffic should spike. We’ll discuss finding and working with a developer in Chapter 4.
8. Web Design and Branding A serious blog business requires some web design. Although themes can be pretty impressive, your site will need its own brand to stand out. We’ll discuss branding in Chapter 3, and working with a designer  in Chapter 4.
9. Management and Direction Coordinating the business is the job of the business manager. From early questions about topic and editorial calendar, to hiring and managing staff, to strategic direction and competitive analysis, this is in many respects the make-or-break role in the business.

Monday, 4 September 2017

Intelligence Quotient

Introduction

Intelligence may be narrowly defined as the capacity to acquire knowledge and understanding, and use it in different novel situations. It is this ability, or capacity, which enables the individual to deal with real situationsandprofitintellectuallyfromsensoryexperience. A test of intelligence is designed to formally study, under test conditions, the success of an individual in adapting to a specific situation. There are a number of different methods which purport to measure intelligence, the most famous of which is the IQ, or intelligence quotient test. In the formation of such tests many psychologists treat intelligence as a general ability operating as a common factor in a wide varietyofaptitudes. Whilst many IQ tests measure a variety of different types of ability such as verbal, mathematical, spatial and reasoning skills, there is now a second school of thought in which it is believed that the earlier definitionsof intelligencemaybetoosimplistic. It is now becoming increasingly recognised that there are many different types of intelligence and that a high measured IQ, although desirable, is not the only key to success in life. Other characteristics, such as outstanding artistic, creative or practical prowess, especially if combined with personal characteristics such as ambition, good temperament and compassion, could result in an outstanding level of success despite a low measured IQ. It is because of this that in recent years CQ (creative quotient) and EQ (emotional quotient), to name just two examples, have come to be regarded as equally important as, orevenmoreimportantthan, IQmeasurement.

Aspectsofintelligence 

Although it is difficult to define intelligence, indeed it appears to have no formal definition, there is, nevertheless, at least one particularly apposite definition:the capacity to learn and understand. Scores from standardised intelligence tests (IQ scores) are often used to define one’s intelligence level. It is, however, becoming increasingly accepted that they do not reveal the complete picture and only provide a snapshot of a person’s ability in the area under examination, so that, for example, someone who has scored highly on a verbal test can only be said to have a high verbal IQ and someone who has scored highly on a mathematical test can only be said to have a high numerical IQ. Obviously, therefore, the more different types of disciplines that are tested and examined, the more accurately the intelligence level of the individual can be assessed. 

Intelligence quotient (IQ) is an age-related measure of intelligence leveland is described as 100 timesthe mental age. The word ‘quotient’ means the result of dividing one quantity by another, and a definition ofintelligenceismentalabilityorquicknessofmind. Such tests are based on the belief that every person possesses a single general ability of mind. It is this which determines how efficiently each of us deals with situations as they arise, and how we profit intellectually fromourexperiences.Thisabilityofmindvariesinamountfromperson toperson,andiswhatintelligence(IQtests)attempttomeasure. Generally such tests consist of a graded series of tasks, each of which has been standardised with a large representative population of individuals.SuchaprocedureestablishestheaverageIQ as100. IQ tests are part of what is generally referred to as ‘psychometric testing’. Such test content may be addressed to almost any aspect of our intellectual or emotional make-up, including personality, attitude andintelligence. Psychometric tests are basically tools used for measuring the mind; the word ‘metric’ means measure and the word ‘psycho’ means mind. There are two types of psychometric test, which are usually used in tandem.Theseare aptitudetests,whichassessyourabilities,and personality questionnaires, whichassessyourcharacterandpersonality. In contrast to specific proficiencies, intelligence tests are standard examinations devised to measure human intelligence as distinct from attainments. There are several different types of intelligence test, for example, Cattell, Stanford^Binet and Wechsler, each having its own different scaleofintelligence. The Stanford^Binet is heavily weighted with questions involving verbal abilities and is widely used in the United States of America, and the Weschler scales consist of two separate verbal and performance sub-scales, eachwithitsownIQrating.

Creativity


The term ‘creativity’ refers to mental processes that lead to solutions, ideas, concepts, artistic forms, theories or products that are unique or novel.Ithassometimesbeenreferredtoas‘theeighthintelligence’. In this chapter there will be an opportunity not only to explore your creative talents and potential in general, but also the specific creative thoughtprocessesofimagination,lateral thinkingandproblemsolving. As a result of work carried out in the 1960s by the American neurologist Roger Wolcott Sperry (1913^1994), it became apparent that the creative functions of human beings are controlled by the righthandhemisphereofthehumanbrain.Thisisthesideofthebrainwhich is under-used by the majority of people, as opposed to the thought processes of the left-hand hemisphere, which is characterised by order, sequence and logic; and is responsible for such functions as numerical andverbalskills. Sperry shared the 1981 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for his split-brain research, which serves as the basis for our current understanding of cerebral specialisation in the human brain. From the 1960s his work with human patients proved to be of major significance inthe developmentofneurobiologyand psychobiology. He published

his ground-breaking discovery of two separately functioning hemispheresofthebrainin1968. Thanks to people such as Sperry, in the second half of the twentieth century we have become much more aware of the importance of the human brain, its functioning and its relationship to our body; in fact we have learned more about the brain in the past decade or so than in all of the previous centuries, and one area in which we have obtained a much greater understanding concerns the specialisation of the cerebral hemispheres. Throughout history it has been accepted that human beings are all different in their own way; in other words, each one of us is an individual with his=her own physical make-up, fingerprints, DNA, facial features, character and personality. These characteristics have always been analysed and categorised, but it was not until the midtwentieth century that it was realised that each one of us has two sidestohis=herbrain, eachofwhichhavequitedifferentfunctionsand characteristics. In the 1960s, Roger Sperry, Michael Gazzanniga and Joseph Bogan began a series of ground-breaking experiments that seemed to indicate certain types of thinking were related to certain parts of the brain. Research, begun in the 1950s, had found that the cerebral cortex has two halves, called hemispheres, which are almost identical. These two brain hemispheres are connected by a bridge, or interface, of millions of nerve fibres called the corpus callosum, which allows them to communicate with each other. The left side of the brain connects to the right side of the body, while the right side of the brain connects totheleftside. In order to work to its full potential, each of these hemispheres must be capable of analysing its own input first, only exchanging information with the other half, by means of the interface, when a considerableamount of processinghastakenplace. Because both hemispheres are capable of working independently, human beings are able to process two streams of information at once. The brain then compares and integrates the information to obtain


a broader and more in-depth understanding of the concept under examination. In the early 1960 s, Sperry and his team showed by a series of experiments, first using animals whose corpus callosum had been severed, and then on human patients whose corpus callosum had been severed in an attempt to cure epilepsy, that each of the two hemispheres has developed specialised functions and has its own private sensations, perceptions, ideas and thoughts, all separate from the opposite hemisphere. As their experiments continued, Sperry and his team were able to reveal much more about how the two hemispheres were specialised to perform different tasks. The left side of the brain is analytical and functions in a sequential and logical fashion and is the side which controls language, academic studies and rationality. The right side is creative and intuitive and leads, for example, to the birth of ideas for work so fart and music. 


Sunday, 3 September 2017

Ways to Sharpen your Mind

Puzzles


Stimulating memory function can be quite fun at times from sources you may not usually consider for entertainment - newspaper and books. These hold some of the best ways to boost memory through puzzles, games, and unfamiliar topics.
Sometimes newspapers and magazines hold some great ways to boost your memory in simple ways that are often neglected in this modern age. Being unfamiliar or rarely used can make these sources them even more effective in stimulating memory by asking it to work in different ways than usual. But if newspapers are just not your thing, similar games and opportunities can be found in virtual newspapers online.


1. Crossword Puzzles - Crossword puzzles stimulate a lot more mental processes than one usually realize and are memory enhancing for several reasons. Working through a crossword puzzle that is mentally challenging causes your brain to search through information stored in your memory looking for the answer needed as rapidly as possible - sort of the mental equivalent to a burst of energy and speed necessary for a 100 yd dash. Another way your memory is tested with a crossword puzzle is in the area of spelling and counting. That may come easily to some but those who struggle in that manner find working on crossword puzzles even more stimulating and rewarding. Vocabulary skills also enjoy some mental exercises in memory as you are trying to figure out what fits the clue given. Even if your memory fails and you are unable to recall the word you are searching for right then, often your mind will remember the answer hours or days later out of the middle of nowhere while you are doing other things and you will be reminded how intricate and amazing the whole topic of memory function really is.
2. Word Search - While word searches are very similar to crossword puzzles, there are also some differences that make some mental processes easier and some more challenging. Word searches are easier because you do not have to come up with the word you are looking for by figuring out some clue. That task is eliminated by giving you the exact word to look for. They are also easier since you do not need to remember how to spell the answer once you have figured it out like with crosswords. But word searches are also more challenging by hiding the answer you are searching for spelling it backwards, forwards, upside down, or diagonally which requires more memory energy in remembering letter by letter what word you are searching for. Interestingly, this also makes it a game that anyone can play in unknown languages as long as they know their alphabet letters.
3. Different News Sections - Newspapers (online or printed versions) can also be used to challenge and stretch your memory by reading articles from a section you always ignore, know little about, and have no interested in learning more. Read the article one time then try to remember the specific information you just read enough to summarize in writing what information or advice the article was meant to give. Perhaps you have no interest in the sports section of a newspaper and don’t necessarily understand the rules of play for each sport. Read an article about a recent game and then see how many details you can remember such as the scores, where the game was played, which player was praised, and which was condemned for mistakes during the game, etc. While this information may not be particularly useful to know, the value in terms of memory is how much more it challenges you to remember details when the topics are unfamiliar and uninteresting to your own unique personality.
While reading random topics and playing word searches and crosswords puzzles in a printed newspaper might be most useful because of its unfamiliarity in this technological era, you can find almost as many memory enhancing benefits from doing these things online on news websites. These are helpful and fun exercises to try when your memory functions appears to be deteriorating

Stress Less

A lifestyle factor that can really zap your memory power is stress. Stress is a feeling of pressure or lack of control a person experiences. It is an emotional response to a circumstance, condition, or an event. These circumstances can be tight schedules or seemingly insurmountable problems like bills to pay, a boss to please, or a colicky baby to pacify. They can also be positive or negative life changes, from the joy of a wedding to the loss of a spouse. Stress can also be caused by inner conflict. 
Stress impacts memory both physically and mentally. Physically, stress elicits the release of chemicals that impair proper functioning of memory. Mentally, stress overwhelms and overburdens your mind so it is unable to think, focus on, or process information at hand.

Dealing with stress is quite a big task. It is impossible to simply eliminate stress with just a snap of a finger; however, there are things you can do to manage it better. Listed below are some effective strategies that will help you lower your levels of stress to boost memory.

1. Learn to Relax - Learn to relax and avoid pressure. Putting pressure on yourself to work hard is not a bad thing, but when you push yourself too hard, it can be. Often, it can prove to be counterproductive. For instance, when studying, if you insist on cramming loads of facts and data, you will overwhelm your mind. As a result, you might not end up understanding what you have learned. With that said, learn to relax. This will help you comprehend better what you are trying to remember.

2. Avoid Non-Pertinent Issues - Don’t bring up past grievances or troubles you've had with a subject, even if they deal indirectly with the present discussion. If you know that certain issues are going to cause bitterness and resentment, don't bring them up deliberately or in a negative way. Focus simply on the task you are trying to remember. Pay attention to things one at a time. Keeping to one topic prevents other issues from complicating the picture, thus easing the load on your memory.

Advanced Techniques


If you need to take your memory exercises to a much higher level for any reason, there are some extremely challenging ways to do so exercises that might seem absolutely pointless on the surface but hold great value for improving your memory functions under the surface.
Challenging and stimulating your memory functions by memorizing large sections of random and maybe senseless information is a somewhat extreme way to improve your memory. It is time-consuming and difficult but worth it to anyone who is completely frustrated with a dysfunctional memory and ready to put in a lot of time and energy into improving memory capabilities.

1. Phone Number Exercise - The necessity of memorizing phone numbers and addresses important in your life is very low because of the access we have to electronic devices that carry that information for us such as cell phones and email accounts. Memorizing the phone numbers in your directory 10 at a time is mentally challenging but also memory boosting in the process. And can be done gradually here and there 5 minutes at a time if need be. You can choose instead work on memorizing a page torn from a phonebook, but it is more useful to memorize information you might need in a pinch and don’t have a cell phone or computer nearby or the time to look for a number that is needed as soon as possible for emergency situations. Make the exercise even more beneficial by consciously linking it to other people or places that are also in your directory. You can also increase the difficulty level by memorizing all the phone numbers and addresses attributed to that contact in your address book.
2. Grocery Shopping - Memory exercises to use while you are grocery shopping can be a little more useful then memorizing phone numbers. Even if it takes you longer to do your shopping than it would if you relied on a written list and calculator, the few extra minutes are well worth the memory building properties these methods provide. It is suggested that you attempt to keep a running grocery list in your head throughout the week and then shopping off that list when you hit the grocery store. You might want to carry a written copy as back up and to use as a double-check list when you are done in order to make it less annoying as mistakes are made. One of the ways to boost your memory while actual shopping is by trying to keep a mental tally of the current cost of the items in your basket. You can round it off to whole numbers when you first begin and when that becomes easier to do, begin to keep an exact count to the penny for even more memory stimulation. If those exercises seem too hard for your current level of memory function, then start even smaller and just try to keep a count of how many items are in your basket from the first one put there to the last one placed on the checkout conveyor belt. Once your memory has improved to the point where this is no longer challenging ing, kick it up a notch and begin to keep the mental tally mentioned earlier.
If you are intensely serious about improving your memory functions, choosing to memorize information that is unnecessary at best or useless at worst is something to take advantage of in order to stimulate your memory as forcefully as possible.

Board Games


While it is very important to have memory function on your priority list of life, it is even more important to cultivate healthy and strong relationships with those you love. The good news is that both goals can co-exist side by side with board games that are beneficial to both areas of one’s life without excluding the other.
Board games have long been a source for social fun in various ways for many years. There are many board games to choose from both old and new that also exercise and improve memory skills at the same time with out you even realizing it.


1. Child-friendly Board Games - Playing board games regularly with your children not only strengthens your bond with them, it will also strengthen the bonds between memory cells in your brain. Some games are better for this than others but any game can be adapted to challenge your memory in some way while playing no matter how easy or boring the actual game played might be. For example, if your child’s favorite game to play is Chutes and Ladders, it might not exactly seem to be beneficial to your memory goals at first. But if the game is too easy, figure out ways to make it more difficult for yourself without being noticeable to your child. One way to stretch your memory during this game while also bonding with your child is by attempting to remember when you last played the game and what was the environment around that game - what were you wearing, what was your child wearing, how many times did the phone ring, etc. Even though some games may not be memory stimulating, you can add mental stimulation to the games for yourself that allows you to enjoy your child while working on building your memory.
2. Card Games - Card games such as poker and bridge are an excellent way to cultivate social connections and experiences while also working on your memory at the same time. If you are not interested in improving your memory some days, playing these games with your friends will do it for you just through the process of participating in the game routines. If you are not noticing any challenges to your memory while playing the game without thinking, it is time to choose to think and see what ways you could challenge yourself and your memory to make it a positive experience.
3. Checkers, Chess, Dominoes - Games such as checkers, chess, and dominoes are beneficial in exercising your memory as well as enjoying time with a close friend or loved one. These games have been played for centuries and are considered some of the oldest games known to man. Chess is probably the most mentally and memory challenging but it might be too frustrating at first if you are new to the effort of memory improvement and/or how these games are played. If chess seems too difficult at first, try checkers instead. Checkers is not nearly as memory-intense as chess or dominos but still offers a boost to the memory while playing. You don’t want to stop with checkers though - simply use them as a starting place for more challenging memory games.
Board games offer great options for working on your own memory improvement while enjoying social connections at the same time. There are enjoyable board games to be found for just about any interest, but the value of unfamiliar or older board games will often fit what you are looking for just right.

Conclusion



For a technique to be practical, not only does it have to be simple to learn, but it has to be simple to apply. If a technique is not, it will not prove useful. In this modern era, we all have too much on our plates to take excessive amounts of time and energy to learn difficult and time-consuming procedures. Memory techniques are no exception.

This is the reason for this report. I believe there are an abundance of useful tools to improve memory, intelligence, and learning that can make people’s lives easier and better. The goal was to present these tools in a way where people could quickly learn and easily assimilate them. Only then would they be beneficial. We hope you found the presentation here worthwhile.

The next step is to integrate this information. A good way to do that is by rereading it through several times. By going over it multiple times, you bring into play the power of repetition. In this way, you don’t have to put a whole lot of effort to remember the techniques, nor how to use them. The simple act of rereading the guide will fix the content in your mind. So, when you are faced with something to remember, the proper technique and its application will naturally come to you. 

Friday, 1 September 2017

Body Language Part 2


Listening

“Listening is a positive act: you have to put yourself out to do it.”
David Hockney
If you thought that listening was a passive act, you’re mistaken. Listening requires energy, care, and attention. Listening is the greatest gift you can give to someone. When you listen to other people, you make them feel valued. You’re showing that you are interested in what they have to say. And
when people feel that you’re interested in them and value them as individuals, they become your biggest supporters.
When I was a little girl, my mother told me that God gave me two eyes, two ears, and one mouth. By observing more and speaking less, I’d gain valuable information that would give me the edge over others.
“ People who speak more than they listen miss valuable information. ”

What is Active Listening?

Image described by caption.

When listening actively, you engage your eyes, ears, and heart. You focus on the other person, giving them your undivided attention. You listen to understand, and leave judgements outside the door.
Listening requires more than just hearing the words being spoken. When you’re deeply engaged and really listening to someone you not only pay attention to the words themselves, but also observe the non-verbal behaviours as well. These include (but are not limited to) the following.

Facial Expressions

“He had the look of one who had drunk the cup of life and found a dead beetle at the bottom.”
–P.G. Wodehouse
Look to a person’s face if you want to know their mood, thoughts, and intentions.
Forehead
  • Smooth indicates calmness.
  • Wrinkled displays worry, concern, annoyance, or anger.
Eyes
  • Comfortable, easy eye contact shows a relaxed attitude.
  • Staring or avoiding eye contact suggests a negative state of mind.
Mouth
  • Tightly drawn or pursed lips are a sign of a negative mindset.
    • Chewing or sucking on lips implies unease or discomfort.
    • Lips that are lifted in a smile indicate a positive outlook.
    Skin colour and temperature
    • Flushed and moist skin reveals stress and tension.
    • Cool, dry skin indicates a relaxed state.
    Having noted the behaviours, and determined their meaning, you’re prepared to choose your response.

    Gestures

    “The most important thing in communication is hearing what isn’t being said. The art of reading between the lines is a life long quest of the wise.”
    –Shannon L. Alder
    Whether gestures are conscious or not, they reveal vital signs for understanding the speaker’s attitude and intentions. For example:
    • Short, sharp, jerky gestures imply tension and aggression.
    • Fluid, open, slow gestures suggest receptiveness and affability.
    • Fiddling fingers denote fretfulness.
    • Fingers held in the steeple position at waist level in front of the body indicate power, influence, and authority.
    • Clenched fists indicate anger or frustration.
    • Crossed arms indicate detachment.
    • Jiggling feet and tapping toes show impatience.
    • A balanced body reflects a controlled mindset.
    • Clenched fists, a laser stare, and tightly drawn lips in combination indicate a threatening attitude.
    • A trembling lip, bowed head, and moist eyes are signs of sadness.
    • Finger picking, lip chewing, and neck rubbing reveal discomfort.

    Vocal Patterns

    Placement, pace, and volume are vocal qualities that reveal a person’s state of mind.
    • A strangled sound, stuck in a person’s throat, is a sign that the speaker is holding back, demonstrating lack of clarity, freedom, and commitment.
    • High-pitched, tight voices come across as childlike, uncertain, and insecure.
    • A voice that resonates from the chest implies authority.
    • Voices that are flat, muffled, and lacking in resonance indicate that the speaker is avoiding engaging in open communication.
    • Rushed sentences and garbled words indicate anxiety.
    • A loud voice demonstrates dominance and control.
    • A soft voice can indicate insecurity and a lack of engagement.

    Breathing Patterns

    Where you place your breathing impacts on how you communicate and are perceived.
    • Quick, short, shallow breaths denote angst, anxiety, and anger. The sound produced is either fearful, weak, lacking in support when placed in the upper throat, or harsh, angry, and strangled when produced lower down the vocal channel.
    • Breathing from the diaphragm produces a rich, round sound. Long, deep breaths that rise from the bowels of your belly are strong and solid. Your voice resonates, eliciting attention and respect.
    Black and white image of lungs with diaphragm labeled.
    • Fiddling fingers denote fretfulness.
    • Fingers held in the steeple position at waist level in front of the body indicate power, influence, and authority.
    • Clenched fists indicate anger or frustration.
    • Crossed arms indicate detachment.
    • Jiggling feet and tapping toes show impatience.
    • A balanced body reflects a controlled mindset.
    • Clenched fists, a laser stare, and tightly drawn lips in combination indicate a threatening attitude.
    • A trembling lip, bowed head, and moist eyes are signs of sadness.
    • Finger picking, lip chewing, and neck rubbing reveal discomfort.

    Vocal Patterns

    Placement, pace, and volume are vocal qualities that reveal a person’s state of mind.
    • A strangled sound, stuck in a person’s throat, is a sign that the speaker is holding back, demonstrating lack of clarity, freedom, and commitment.
    • High-pitched, tight voices come across as childlike, uncertain, and insecure.
    • A voice that resonates from the chest implies authority.
    • Voices that are flat, muffled, and lacking in resonance indicate that the speaker is avoiding engaging in open communication.
    • Rushed sentences and garbled words indicate anxiety.
    • A loud voice demonstrates dominance and control.
    • A soft voice can indicate insecurity and a lack of engagement.
    • Breathing Patterns

      Where you place your breathing impacts on how you communicate and are perceived.
      • Quick, short, shallow breaths denote angst, anxiety, and anger. The sound produced is either fearful, weak, lacking in support when placed in the upper throat, or harsh, angry, and strangled when produced lower down the vocal channel.
      • Breathing from the diaphragm produces a rich, round sound. Long, deep breaths that rise from the bowels of your belly are strong and solid. Your voice resonates, eliciting attention and respect.
      • Breathe from the diaphragm to produce a rich, round sound.
        Sourced from Shutterstock (Wiley) 119606584 (Wiley Credit – Alila Medical Media/Shutterstock)

        Word Choice

        People perceive and respond to the world around them in different ways.
        Some people are visual, peppering their communication with words and phrases, like: “See. Look. Point of view. The way I see this is… Can you see this from my perspective? I envision this project… I’m a big picture person. The outlook for next quarter is good.”Others experience the world through sound. People with a preference for the auditory use phrases such as: “How does that sound to you? That’s music to my ears. I hear you. We’re singing from the same song sheet. We’re in tune with each other.”
        Those who are more attuned to touch are said to be kinaesthetic. They use language like: “How do you feel about that? Let’s touch base. Let’s strike a balance before this becomes even more uncomfortable. The thought turns my blood cold.”
        Speakers may use a combination of senses when speaking. Your job, as listener, is to pick up on the speaker’s language and reflect it back in your response. Understanding the speaker’s point of view enables you to respond to what you hear in a way the speaker can relate to. Even if your preferences are different, if you want to establish rapport and demonstrate good listening skills, adapt your language when necessary to match the other person’s. (In Chapter 3, you will learn more about establishing rapport.)

        Posture

        When people aren’t physically engaged there’s little chance of listening taking place.
      • Standing, sitting, or lying down, how you position your body impacts on your readiness, ability, and willingness to listen.
        • Slouched, slumped bodies indicate a lack of engagement and a lack of interest.
        • Lifting your torso, allowing your head to sit upright on your neck while letting your shoulders lie back and down, and looking at the person speaking, with a calm expression on your face, sends out signs that you’re interested and prepared to listen.

Listen For What’s NOT Being Said

While you may find this suggestion counterintuitive, play with the idea: Listen for what’s not being said. For example, someone tells you that their life is super fantastic. But something in their delivery tells a different story. Perhaps their eyes are dull or watery, maybe their lower lip is trembling. You might notice that their voice is flat and lifeless, or that their hands are hanging limp and their head is hanging down. Non-verbal signs reveal more about a person’s internal state than the words they speak.

Body Language


Introduction

“When the eyes say one thing, and the tongue another, a practiced man relies on the language of the first.”
Ralph Waldo Emerson
You’re probably familiar with this scenario: someone is saying one thing to you, while their body seems to be saying something else – and you’re left feeling confused. Do you believe the spoken words you’re hearing or the body language that you’reseeing? Global research and anecdotal evidence consistently show that the truth lies in the manner of delivery.
Not that words don’t matter. They do. But if the words and the delivery don’t match, your listeners are going to believe what they observe rather than what you’re saying.
“ Without uttering a syllable, you can convey your thoughts, feelings, and intentions through your body language. ”
While your spoken words convey information like facts and data, your body reveals other information like your attitude, intentions, and general state of being. And, while you may tell a white lie or two to save someone’s feelings, or may create total fabrications to protect your interests, don’t be surprised if your body gives the game away. For example, let’s say that a colleague is given the job that you wanted and you say “I’m happy for you”. The only problem is: your eyes are squinted, your brow is furrowed, and your fists are clenched. Your words are saying one thing while your body is saying something else. No wonder your co-worker turns away in disappointment or even worse, disgust.
However, all is not lost. By being aware of the messages your body sends out, and by practising specific gestures, postures, and expressions, you can create the impressions and convey the messages that you want to communicate. In addition, by observing and interpreting other people’s actions, you have the upper hand when it comes to understanding their mindset and responding to their behaviour.
“I pretended to be somebody I wanted to be until I finally became that person.”
–Cary Grant
So, if you want to enhance your interpersonal communication, learning how to read other people’s body language and being able to control the signs and signals that your gestures, posture, and facial expressions transmit is vital. Restated: If relationships matter to you, if you want to know what people are thinking, and if you want to determine how people perceive you, learn about body language. The more conscious you are of unspoken messages, the better equipped you will be to build relationships, anticipate reactions, and adapt your behaviour according to the environment.
Learning how body language works and how you can perfect yours takes commitment. To test your level of interest, start by asking yourself the following questions:

Reading People’s Emotions

“In this respect, I suppose I’m the total opposite of Garry [Kasparov]. With his very emotive body language at the [chess] board he shows and displays all his emotions. I don’t.”
–Vladimir Kramnik
Some people wear their feelings on their sleeves and act out what they’re experiencing at the time. Others choose to suppress their moods in an effort to conceal their feelings. When you’re deciphering other people’s emotions, remember the following:
  • Look for clusters.
  • Read body language in context.
  • Some non-verbal behaviour is culture specific.
  • Observe what’s happening in the present.
  • Don’t judge what you notice based on past experience.
  • Treat the other person with respect.
Many body-language signals can imply negative states, such as
  • boredom
  • disinterest
  • anxiety
  • uncertainty.This can lead you to believe that the person is tired, fed up, or feeling out of their depth. And you’re probably right. That being said, before making your final interpretation, ask yourself: “What is happening that is causing the negative feelings, resulting in the negative behaviour?”
    For instance, it might be due to a disrespectful boss, work overload, fatigue, feeling excluded, hunger, illness, change, etc. While non-verbal behaviour is a sure indicator of a person’s state of mind, circumstances play a part too. Whatever you do, don’t jump to conclusions based on a single movement, gesture, or facial expression. Body language is best interpreted in clusters and in context.
    Throughout this book, you can find specific signs and signals to watch for. I’ve included a few more below, which, when taken in context, are a reliable indicator of a person’s mental state.
    Signs of negative states
    • Sweating.
    • Flushed skin.
    • Chewing on objects, including lips and fingers.
    • Jiggling feet.
    • Shallow breathing.
    • Frowning.
    • Tense lips.
    • Short, quick breaths.
    • Contracted pupils.
    • Signs of positive states
      • Cool skin.
      • Open gestures.
      • Calm demeanour.
      • Genuine smiles.
      • Easy eye contact.
      • Deep breathing.
      Moods, attitudes, and emotions reveal themselves through your non-verbal behaviours. Even if you want to conceal your feelings or intentions, a twitch of your cheek, the widening – or narrowing – of your eyes, and the turn of your lips will give your game away. If you want to project a specific state of mind – let’s say, feeling calm, confident, and in control – take on the corresponding behaviours and pretend that you are what you want to be. Before you know it, not only will you have convinced others, you might even have convinced yourself.

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